正交试验优化天麻超声波提取工艺的研究

为了优化天麻素的提取工艺,本研究采用超声法提取天麻素,以天麻素含量为指标,在单因素筛选基础上,采用正交试验优化提取工艺,选择料液比、提取次数和提取时间3个影响因素,每个因素3个水平进行正交试验。结果表明,最优提取工艺组合为:提取时间20min、料液比1∶15和提取次数2次;按照此工艺平行制备3批样品,天麻素的提取率为(0.339±0.13)%。     

Radix/Rhizoma Notoginseng extract (Sanchitongtshu) for ischemic stroke: A randomized controlled study

Agents of sanchi have been widely used as a complementary medicine for stroke in China. Sanchitongshu is a new Chinese patent medicine extracted from sanchi which has stronger anti-platelet activity than other agents of sanchi. Our aim was to investigate the synergistic action of low dose of aspirin combined with sanchitongshu capsule in the treatment of patients with light and moderate ischemic stroke in acute and subacute stages.This was a multi-center, double-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial conducted in four hospitals in China from July 2004 to 2006. 140 patients of ischemic stroke in anterior cerebral circulation within 30 days of onset were enrolled. Participants were assigned either to receive aspirin (50 mg per day) and sanchitongshu capsule (200 mg three times a day) or aspirin (50 mg per day) and placebo capsule.Low dose of aspirin combined with sanchitongshu capsule significantly ameliorated neurological deficit (increased score of ESS: t = −5.02, p < 0.0001) and activities of daily living (increased score of BI: t = −2.4, p = 0.0178) after treatment compared with aspirin alone. Adverse reaction which occurred equally in both arms, was light to moderate and disappeared without special treatment.Sanchitongshu capsule, as a complementary medicine to aspirin, was effective in improving outcomes after ischemic stroke. It was a safe drug in our trial.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定升麻药材中升麻苷H-1的含量

建立升麻药材中升麻苷H-1含量测定的反相高效液相色谱分析方法。使用H&E XP ODS-A色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm5,μm),流动相为乙腈-水-磷酸(35∶65∶0.4),流速为1 mL/min,柱温为26℃,检测波长203nm。测得升麻苷H-1线性范围为0.95～28.5μg/mL(r=0.9999),平均回收率(n=6)为99.35%(RSD=2.79%),不同来源批次升麻药材含量测定结果表明,升麻药材中升麻苷H-1含量为0.53%～1.09%,综合分析批样品含量测定结果,建议升麻药材中含升麻苷H-1应不低于0.4%。本方法简便、准确、重复性好、专属性强,可作为升麻药材质量控制方法。     

肾衰康浓缩丸质量标准研究

目的：建立肾衰康浓缩丸质量控制方法。方法：采用TLC鉴别肾衰康浓缩丸中大黄、丹参;采用HPLC-ELSD对制剂中黄芪甲苷进行含量测定,流动相为乙腈-水（30：70）,流速：1 mL/min,柱温：28℃,漂移管温度：42℃,氮气：355kPa。结果：大黄、丹参的TLC鉴别斑点清晰、专属性强;黄芪甲苷在1.0μg-10.0μg之间呈良好的线性关系（r=0.9997,n=5）,平均回收率为99.81%,RSD为1.73%（n=6）。结论：所建立的方法简便准确、专属性强、重现性好,可作为控制肾衰康浓缩丸质量的方法。     

应用基因表达谱芯片研究黄药子对小鼠肝脏的毒性机制(简报)

黄药子为薯蓣科植物黄独(Dioscorea bulbifera L．)的块茎,临床常用于治疗甲状腺肿、抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗病毒等。近年来临床上关于黄药子的毒副作用,尤其是对肝、肾的不良反应屡有报道。当黄药子或其代谢物在肝细胞内累积时会直接干扰肝细     

Chemical constituents from Alismatis Rhizoma and their anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo

Six new compounds, including a new compound with an unusual 2, 4, 6-cycloheptatrien ketone skeleton (1), two new diphenylpropanoid ethers (2, 3), a new protostane-type triterpenoid (4), two new norsesquiterpene (5a, 5b), and two new natural products (6, 7), together with eleven known compounds (8–18) were isolated from the aqueous extract of Alismatis Rhizoma (AR). Their structures were elucidated by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR (¹H and ¹³C NMR, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY), HRESIMS spectroscopic data, experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Some of the compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Two protostane-type triterpenoids, compounds 4 and 17, exhibited potent inhibitory activities with the IC₅₀ values of 39.3 and 63.9 μM compared with indomethacin. In the meanwhile, their anti-inflammatory effects were also confirmed by acute inflammation model induced by CuSO₄ in zebrafish.     

Molecular mass and chain conformations of Rhizoma Panacis Japonici polysaccharides

The molecular mass and size of five water-soluble polysaccharides isolated from Rhizoma Panacis Japonici (RPJ) were determined with laser light scattering (LLS), size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) combined with LLS (SEC–LLS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), as well as transmission electron microscope (TEM). Their weight-average molecular masses (M_w) were 3.5 × 10⁴, 1.47 × 10⁵, 1.24 × 10⁶, 9.26 × 10⁵ and 1.36 × 10⁶, radii of gyration (<s²>_z^1/2) were 14.7, 31.7, 50.8, 41.8 and 40.4 nm, and hydrodynamic radii (R_h) were 19.9, 37.5, 66.2, 52.1, and 55.2 nm, respectively. The results showed that molecular masses and sizes of the polysaccharides were influenced by the pH and temperature of the extraction mediums. The conformation parameters were calculated from the above data according to polymer solution theory. The values of ρ (= <s²>_z^1/2/R_h) were from 0.7 to 0.8, exponents (ν) of <s²>_z^1/2 = k M_w^ν were from 0.31 to 0.43, and fractal dimension (d_f) were from 2.3 to 3.2, respectively. The results revealed that all of the polysaccharides existed as spheres in 0.15 M NaCl aqueous solution. TEM and atomic force microscope (AFM) further confirmed the spherical morphologies of these molecules. The spherical conformations of the polysaccharides were a result of their highly branched structures.     

An unusual metabolite of cimicidol-3-O-beta-D-xyloside from Cimicifugae rhizoma by rat intestinal bacteria

Cimicidol-3-O-beta-D-xyloside (1), one of the main components isolated from Cimicifugae rhizoma, is an active component with antiosteoporotic effect. The metabolism of 1 by rat intestinal bacteria was investigated, and two metabolites, 11beta-hydroxycimigenol (2) and foetidinol (3), were isolated and characterized by spectroscopic means including two-dimensional NMR. Furthermore, the structures of six intermediates in the bacterial incubation were proposed on the basis of LC/MS analyses, and the possible metabolic pathway of the formation of 2, which passes through a unique sequence including hydrolysis, hydroxylation, and reduction, is discussed in detail.     

紫萁贯众化学成分研究

紫萁贯众为紫萁科(Osmundaceae)紫萁属植物紫萁(Osmunda japonica Thunb.)带叶柄残基的根茎.本文采用溶剂法及各种色谱方法从紫萁贯众乙酸乙酯部位分离得到6个化合物,通过理化性质和波谱数据分析,分别鉴定为1,7,9,11-四羟基-3-甲基-5,6-二氢-萘骈蒽醌(1),(E)-3,4-二羟基苯亚甲基丙酮(2),原儿茶酸(3),β-谷甾醇(4),β-胡萝卜苷(5)和二十六烷酸(6).化合物1为首次从植物界中得到,化合物2、3和6均为首次从紫萁属植物中分离得到.